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Velocity Formula:
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The velocity formula V = Q/A calculates the velocity of a fluid by dividing the volumetric flow rate (Q) by the cross-sectional area (A) through which the fluid is flowing. This fundamental equation is widely used in fluid dynamics and engineering applications.
The calculator uses the velocity formula:
Where:
Explanation: This equation shows the direct relationship between flow rate and velocity, with velocity increasing as flow rate increases or cross-sectional area decreases.
Details: Calculating fluid velocity is essential for designing piping systems, determining flow characteristics, calculating pressure drops, and ensuring efficient fluid transport in various engineering applications.
Tips: Enter flow rate in m³/s and cross-sectional area in m². Both values must be positive numbers greater than zero for accurate calculation.
Q1: What units should I use for this calculation?
A: The calculator uses SI units: flow rate in cubic meters per second (m³/s) and area in square meters (m²), resulting in velocity in meters per second (m/s).
Q2: Can I use different units with this formula?
A: Yes, but all units must be consistent. For example, if you use liters/second for flow rate, you should use square centimeters for area to get cm/s velocity.
Q3: Does this formula work for all types of fluids?
A: Yes, the formula V = Q/A applies to all Newtonian fluids regardless of viscosity, as long as the flow is steady and the cross-section is uniform.
Q4: How does pipe diameter affect velocity?
A: For a constant flow rate, velocity increases as pipe diameter decreases, following an inverse square relationship (velocity ∝ 1/diameter²).
Q5: What is the typical velocity range in piping systems?
A: Typical velocities range from 1-3 m/s for water systems to prevent excessive pressure drop and erosion, but vary based on application and fluid properties.