1. What is Initial Vertical Velocity?

Initial vertical velocity (V_y) is the vertical component of an object's initial velocity when launched at an angle. It represents how fast the object is moving upward at the moment of launch and is crucial for analyzing projectile motion.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the vertical velocity formula:

Where:

• \( V_y \) — Initial vertical velocity (m/s)
• \( V \) — Initial speed (m/s)
• \( \theta \) — Launch angle (degrees)

Explanation: The formula calculates the vertical component of velocity by multiplying the initial speed by the sine of the launch angle.

3. Importance of Vertical Velocity Calculation

Details: Calculating initial vertical velocity is essential for predicting the trajectory, maximum height, and flight time of projectiles in physics, engineering, and sports applications.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter initial speed in m/s and launch angle in degrees (0-90°). All values must be valid (speed > 0, angle between 0-90).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why is vertical velocity important in projectile motion?
A: Vertical velocity determines how high a projectile will go and how long it will stay in the air before gravity brings it back down.

Q2: What happens to vertical velocity during flight?
A: Vertical velocity decreases due to gravity at 9.8 m/s² until it reaches zero at the peak, then increases negatively as the object falls.

Q3: How does launch angle affect vertical velocity?
A: At a fixed initial speed, a 90° angle (straight up) produces maximum vertical velocity, while 0° (horizontal) produces zero vertical velocity.

Q4: Can vertical velocity be negative?
A: Yes, if an object is thrown downward, the vertical velocity would be negative, indicating downward motion.

Q5: How is this different from horizontal velocity?
A: Horizontal velocity remains constant (ignoring air resistance), while vertical velocity changes continuously due to gravity.