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Reactive Power Formula:
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Reactive power (Q) is the power that oscillates between the source and load in AC circuits. It is measured in volt-amperes reactive (VAR) and represents the power that does no real work but is necessary for maintaining the electric and magnetic fields in inductive and capacitive components.
The calculator uses the reactive power formula:
Where:
Explanation: This formula calculates reactive power using the Pythagorean theorem relationship between apparent power (S), real power (P), and reactive power (Q) in the power triangle.
Details: Accurate reactive power calculation is essential for power system analysis, power factor correction, voltage regulation, and efficient energy transmission and distribution.
Tips: Enter apparent power in volt-amperes (VA) and real power in watts (W). Both values must be positive, and apparent power must be greater than or equal to real power for valid results.
Q1: What is the difference between real, reactive, and apparent power?
A: Real power (P) performs actual work, reactive power (Q) supports magnetic fields, and apparent power (S) is the vector sum of both.
Q2: Why is reactive power important in power systems?
A: Reactive power affects voltage levels, system stability, and transmission efficiency. Proper management reduces losses and improves power quality.
Q3: How does reactive power affect power factor?
A: Power factor is the ratio of real power to apparent power. Higher reactive power decreases power factor, requiring more current for the same real power.
Q4: Can reactive power be negative?
A: Yes, negative reactive power indicates capacitive reactive power, while positive indicates inductive reactive power.
Q5: How is reactive power compensated?
A: Through capacitors (to supply reactive power) or inductors (to absorb reactive power) to maintain desired power factor and voltage levels.