3 Phase Reactive Power Calculator

3-Phase Reactive Power Formula:

\[ Q = \sqrt{3} \times V \times I \times \sin(\phi) \]

Reactive Power (Q):

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1. What is 3-Phase Reactive Power?

Reactive power (Q) in a 3-phase system represents the power that oscillates between the source and load due to inductive or capacitive elements. It is measured in volt-amperes reactive (VAR) and is essential for maintaining voltage levels in AC power systems.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the 3-phase reactive power formula:

\[ Q = \sqrt{3} \times V \times I \times \sin(\phi) \]

Where:

\( V \) — Line voltage (volts)
\( I \) — Line current (amps)
\( \phi \) — Phase angle between voltage and current (degrees)
\( \sqrt{3} \) — Constant for 3-phase systems (approximately 1.732)

Explanation: The formula calculates the reactive component of power in a balanced 3-phase AC system, which is crucial for power factor correction and system stability.

3. Importance of Reactive Power Calculation

Details: Accurate reactive power calculation is essential for power system design, voltage regulation, power factor correction, and ensuring efficient energy transmission in electrical networks.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter line voltage in volts, line current in amps, and phase angle in degrees. All values must be valid (voltage > 0, current > 0).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the difference between active and reactive power?
A: Active power (P) performs actual work and is measured in watts, while reactive power (Q) supports magnetic fields in inductive loads and is measured in VAR.

Q2: Why is reactive power important in power systems?
A: Reactive power is necessary for maintaining voltage levels, enabling the operation of inductive loads, and ensuring system stability.

Q3: How does phase angle affect reactive power?
A: The phase angle (φ) between voltage and current determines the proportion of reactive power. A larger phase angle results in higher reactive power.

Q4: What is power factor and how is it related to reactive power?
A: Power factor is the ratio of active power to apparent power. Low power factor indicates high reactive power consumption, which can be improved through power factor correction.

Q5: When should this calculation be used?
A: This calculation is essential for electrical engineers designing 3-phase systems, performing load flow analysis, and implementing power factor correction strategies.